100 Questions and Answers About LVU – The Lawyer Answers

When Swedish social services (socialtjänsten) intervene under the Care of Young Persons Act (LVU), many questions arise. What is compulsory care? When can it be used? What are your rights as a parent? This guide answers 100 of the most common questions and gives you the clarity you need during a very difficult time.

🔹 The Basics of LVU

What is LVU?
A Swedish law that allows authorities to remove children from their homes without consent if they are at risk.
What does compulsory care mean?
That the child is placed into care without agreement from the parents or the child.
When is LVU applied?
If the child is at risk due to their environment or behavior.
What ages does LVU apply to?
Usually up to 18, but sometimes up to 21.
Which authority handles LVU cases?
The municipal social welfare board and the administrative court.
What kinds of problems can lead to LVU?
Abuse, neglect, substance abuse, mental illness, crime, etc.
What is the difference between voluntary care and LVU?
Voluntary care is based on consent; LVU is not.
Can children refuse voluntary care?
Yes, children over 15 must agree to voluntary care.
Can parents request LVU for their child?
No, but they can ask for help from social services.
Can LVU apply to unaccompanied minors?
Yes, if the child is at risk and the legal criteria are met.

🔹 The Process – Step by Step

How does an LVU case begin?
Through a report of concern (orosanmälan) to social services.
What is a report of concern?
A notification from someone worried about a child’s well-being.
What happens after a report is made?
Social services assess and may launch an investigation.
How long does an investigation take?
Up to four months.
Do parents have to agree to the investigation?
No, the investigation can proceed without consent.
What is an emergency placement?
A temporary immediate removal of the child.
Who decides on emergency placements?
Social services, often via a duty officer.
When must the court review the emergency placement?
Within four days.
Who makes the final decision on LVU?
The Administrative Court (Förvaltningsrätten).
Can I appeal the decision?
Yes, to the Court of Appeal (Kammarrätten), and sometimes to the Supreme Administrative Court.

🔹 Reasons for LVU

What is considered neglect?
Failing to provide food, safety, supervision, or emotional support.
What is meant by the child’s own behavior?
Crime, substance abuse, running away, or self-harm.
Can mental illness lead to LVU?
Yes, in both the child and the parent(s).
Can school refusal lead to LVU?
Yes, if it’s serious and persistent.
What is environmental risk?
A home environment that is violent, criminal, or unsafe.
What is behavioral risk?
When the child’s own actions endanger themselves or others.
Is it enough that a child refuses rules at home?
No – it must be more serious than normal conflict.
Is suspicion enough for LVU?
There must be documented and credible risk.
Can a single incident trigger LVU?
Yes, if it’s serious enough.
What if the child wants to be placed in care?
Their view is important, but not decisive.

🔹 Parents’ Rights

Do I have to agree to LVU?
No – it’s a compulsory measure.
Do I have the right to legal representation?
Yes – a public attorney (free of charge) will be appointed.
Will I be informed of the reason for placement?
Yes, you’ll receive a written decision and explanation.
Can I take part in the investigation?
Yes, you have the right to be heard and submit your views.
Can I influence where my child is placed?
Your opinion is considered, but social services make the final decision.
Can I have contact with my child during LVU?
Yes, unless a contact ban is ordered.
Can I visit my child?
Usually yes, but under certain conditions or supervision.
Can I challenge social services’ decisions?
Yes, your legal counsel can file objections and appeals.
Will I get updates about my child’s health or schooling?
Generally yes, unless there are safety concerns.
How often is LVU reviewed?
At least every six months.

🔹 Children’s Rights

Does the child get a lawyer?
Yes – a public representative is appointed to protect their interests.
Is the child told why they are removed?
Yes, in age-appropriate language.
Can the child express their views?
Yes – their opinion must be considered under the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child and LVU.
Can the child see their parents?
Usually, yes – unless contact is considered harmful.
Can the child speak with their parents by phone?
Yes, unless a contact ban applies.
Will the child know where they’re going?
Yes, they will be informed about the placement.
Can the child choose where to live?
Their wishes are taken into account, but it’s not their decision alone.
What if the child doesn’t want to stay in care?
They can express that, but the LVU decision still stands until changed.
Can the child stay in their current school?
If possible, yes – but sometimes relocation is necessary.
Can the child see their siblings?
Yes, as long as it’s safe – sibling contact is encouraged.

🔹 Placement Under LVU

Where is the child placed?
In a foster home, emergency home, HVB-home, or SiS-institution.
What is a foster home (familjehem)?
A family approved to care for children long-term.
What is an HVB home?
A residence with trained staff – “Home for Care or Residence.”
What is SiS?
The Swedish National Board of Institutional Care – handles high-risk cases.
How is placement decided?
Based on the child’s needs for safety, support, and treatment.
Can I suggest a relative for placement?
Yes – that is called a “network placement.”
Can my child be placed in another municipality?
Yes, if it’s considered the best option.
Will I know where my child is?
Generally yes – unless there is a risk of harm.
How long can the placement last?
As long as the child needs care under LVU.
Can the placement end immediately?
Yes, if the court or social services decides care is no longer needed.

🔹 Legal Hearings and Reviews

What is an LVU decision?
A court ruling that compulsory care is necessary.
What happens in court?
Each party presents their view – parents, child’s attorney, social services, etc.
Do I have to attend the hearing?
No, but it is highly recommended.
What is a public representative (offentligt biträde)?
A government-funded lawyer representing your legal rights.
Can I read the social services’ report?
Yes, you will receive it before the hearing.
Can I submit my own evidence?
Yes – including reports, witnesses, or other proof.
What is a continued-care decision?
A renewal of an earlier LVU ruling, after review.
What is a care planning meeting?
A meeting to plan the child’s care and future contact with the family.
What is a rejection decision?
When the court or social board decides that LVU is no longer necessary.
What happens after LVU ends?
The child may return home, with or without continuing support.

🔹 Common Emotions and Reactions

Is it normal to feel shocked?
Yes, LVU cases are emotionally intense.
What if I feel powerless?
Talk to your lawyer and seek emotional support.
Can I talk to someone for support?
Yes – contact social services, support groups, or legal advisors.
How do I explain this to my other children?
Use honest and age-appropriate explanations.
Can I get help to change things?
Yes – social services can offer parenting support or treatment.
What if I don’t trust social services?
You still have legal rights and can request a new caseworker.
How can I show that I’m taking responsibility?
Attend meetings, follow guidance, and show willingness to improve.
Can I permanently lose custody?
Not through LVU alone – custody is a separate legal process.
What if my child is suffering in care?
Notify your lawyer and social services immediately.
How long until my child comes home?
It depends – progress is reviewed regularly and return is often gradual.

🔹 Legal Rights, Rules and Tips

Can I report social services to the police?
You can file a complaint with the Health and Social Care Inspectorate (IVO).
Can I request a new caseworker?
Yes, but approval is not guaranteed.
Can I record conversations with social services?
Yes, if you are part of the conversation – inform them if possible.
Can social services withhold information from me?
Yes, if it could endanger the child.
What is a contact person?
A support person who helps you communicate with authorities.
What if I’m unhappy with the placement?
Talk to the caseworker, child’s attorney, or report to IVO.
Will I be told what my child has said?
Not always – the child has a right to privacy.
Can the court reject the LVU request?
Yes – if evidence is insufficient.
What is a reintegration meeting?
A meeting to plan the child’s return home.
How can I prove I’ve changed?
Attend therapy, follow plans, and demonstrate progress.

🔹 LVU and the Future

Can my child return home?
Yes – if it’s safe and appropriate.
What happens when the child turns 18?
Care under LVU ends – but support may continue voluntarily.
Does LVU apply to young adults?
Sometimes, until the age of 21, in special cases.
Can my child move to supported housing?
Yes – if they need assistance but not full care.
How does LVU affect my child’s future?
With the right support, many young people recover well.
Can my child read their case file?
Yes – depending on age and maturity.
Can I access my child’s case file?
Yes – but some parts may be confidential.
Can I claim damages?
Only in exceptional cases, if wrongdoing can be proven.
Where can I learn more about LVU?
Visit the Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare, IVO, or consult a lawyer.
What is the most important thing to remember?
Stay calm, get legal help, and show that your focus is on your child’s well-being.

Need Legal Help with an Ongoing LVU Case?

Segerström Law Firm has experience representing parents in LVU cases. We assist you through the full legal process – from initial contact with social services to representation in court.

📞 Contact us for a free consultation. You’re not alone. Help-line: +46 455 100 70.